Google Apps Script + EventSub

You didn’t echo out the challenge so.

Twitch either got a non 200 code when it POST-ed to you
Or when it POST-ed to you you didn’t echo back the challenge.

You can see in my NodeJS example here

I fetch the challenge from the incoming POST request and just echo it out.

You are getting webhook_callback_verification_failed as your callback is not echoing the vierification challenge correctly.

You can even use the twitch-cli to test your endpoint to see if it replies correctly to verification requests